|
Not all of these Archbishop-Princes left a noble legacy. On October 31, Leopold von Firmian signed his Edict of Expulsion (not to be confused with many similar edicts of expulsion issued against the Jews in various cities in Europe), the Emigrationspatent, declaring that all Protestants recant their non-Catholic beliefs or be banished.
 Mozart's birthplace
Mozart's birthplace
After signing the edict on the 214th Anniversary of Reformation Day, Archbishop von Firmian declared that it was to be read publicly November 11, 1731, the 248th anniversary of Luther's baptism. Believing that his edict would drive away a few hundred troublesome infidels in the hills around the town, Firmian was surprised when 21,475 citizens professed on a public list their Protestant beliefs.
Land owners were given three months to sell their lands and leave. Cattle, sheep, furniture and land all had to be dumped on the market, and the Salzburgers received little money from the well-to-do Catholic allies of Von Firmian. Von Firmian himself confiscated much of their land for his own family, and ordered all Protestant books and Bibles burned. Many children aged 12 and under were seized to be raised as Roman Catholics. Yet those who owned land gained one key advantage: the three month deadline delayed their departure until after the worst of winter.
Non-owner farmers, tradesmen, laborers and miners were given only 8 days to sell what they could and leave. The first refugees marched north through the Germany controlled by Protestant Princes, while their children walked or rode on wooden wagons loaded with baggage.
As they went, the exiles' savings were quickly drained away as they were set upon by both legal and illegal highwaymen, who seized taxes, tolls and payment for protection by soldiers from robbers.
The story of their plight spread quickly as their columns marched north. Goethe wrote the poem Hermann and Dorothea about the Salzburg exiles' march. Protestants and even some Catholics were horrified at the cruelty of their expulsion in winter, and the courage they had shown by not renouncing their faith. Slowly at first, they came upon towns that welcomed them and offered them aid. But there was no place where such a large number of refugees could settle.
Finally, in Netherlands.
On March 12, Savannah. Other German speaking families – mostly Swiss Germans, Palatines and Swabians – also joined the Salzburgers at Ebenezer. In time, all of these Germanic people became known as "Salzburgers"
|
 Untersberg mountain
Untersberg mountain
 Mozart Monument
Mozart Monument
The famous composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born and raised in Salzburg. His house of birth and residence are popular tourist attractions. His family is buried in a small church graveyard in the old town, and there are many monuments to "Wolferl" in the city.
Christian Doppler, an expert on acoustic theory, was born in Salzburg. He is most renowned for his discovery of the Doppler effect.
Josef Mohr was born in Salzburg. Together with Franz Gruber, he composed and wrote the text for Silent Night. As a priest in neighbouring Oberndorf he performed the song for the first time in 1818.
Noted writer Stefan Zweig resided in Salzburg for about 15 years until his departure in 1934.
Salzburg is also the birthplace of Hans Makart, a 19th century Austrian painter-decorator and national celebrity. Makartplatz (Makart Square) is named in his honour.
Writer Thomas Bernhard was raised in Salzburg and spent part of his life there.
Anif.
|
 Nighttime view of the old town and fortress, as seen from Mönchsberg.
Nighttime view of the old town and fortress, as seen from Mönchsberg.
Salzburg is considered a tourist favourite, with the number of tourists outnumbering locals by a large margin in peak times.
Skiing is a key attraction during Winter. Salzburg itself has no skiing facilities, but it acts as a gateway to many skiing areas to the south. During the Winter months its airport receives a huge number of charter flights from around Europe.
The baroque "with highlights including the Salzburg Cathedral, and the Mirabell Garden.
The Salzkammergut is an area of lakes in the Salzburg state, east of the city, that is quite well-known.
The Untersberg is next to the city, straddling the German-Austrian border, and on a clear day provides panoramic views of the city and the Alps.
Berchtesgaden.
 Fountain in the Residenzplatz
Fountain in the Residenzplatz
|
Hotels in Austria - Salzburg >>
|
